BMSS 2004 Meeting: Difference between revisions
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The 27th Annual Meeting of the British Mass Spectrometry Society (BMSS) was held | The 27th Annual Meeting of the British Mass Spectrometry Society (BMSS) was held at the University of Derby from 5-8 September, 2004. | ||
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== Abstract == | == Abstract == | ||
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A project to update these terms and definitions in keeping with the ever burgeoning field of mass spectrometry has been commissioned by IUPAC and a working party set up to prepare a new document in conjunction with the mass spectrometry journals, national mass spectrometry societies, and the International Mass Spectrometry Society. | A project to update these terms and definitions in keeping with the ever burgeoning field of mass spectrometry has been commissioned by IUPAC and a working party set up to prepare a new document in conjunction with the mass spectrometry journals, national mass spectrometry societies, and the International Mass Spectrometry Society. | ||
A web discussion group2 for MS terms and definition has been created to ensure that wide participation for discussion is achieved to aid production of this comprehensive list and the first workshop was held at this year | A web discussion group2 for MS terms and definition has been created to ensure that wide participation for discussion is achieved to aid production of this comprehensive list and the first workshop was held at this year's ASMS meeting in Nashville. | ||
Here we present a draft report of the project and terms in use and request feedback on these and any other terminology that should be included in the final report to be delivered on 2006 | Here we present a draft report of the project and terms in use and request feedback on these and any other terminology that should be included in the final report to be delivered on 2006 | ||
1. Chapter 12 of the Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature (????????????????????????[[Orange Book Chapter 12|Orange Book]]??????????????????????), prepared in 1993, with addenda in 1993 and 1994 | 1. Chapter 12 of the Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature (?***?*?**??**?**?***?*?**?***?*?***?*??**?**?***?*?***?***?*?***?*?[[Orange Book Chapter 12|Orange Book]]?***?*?**??**?**?***?*?**?***?*?***?*??**?**?***?*?**?**?*?), prepared in 1993, with addenda in 1993 and 1994 | ||
2. [http://www.msterms.com/ www.msterms.com] | 2. [http://www.msterms.com/ www.msterms.com] | ||
| Line 44: | Line 44: | ||
[[Accelerating voltage]] | [[Accelerating voltage]] | ||
[[Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ]] | [[Accelerator Mass Spectrometry]] | ||
[[Accuracy (see Mass Accuracy) ]] | [[Accuracy (see Mass Accuracy)]] | ||
[[Accurate Mass]] | [[Accurate Mass]] | ||
[[ | [[-cleavage]] | ||
[[Adduct Ion]] | [[Adduct Ion]] | ||
[[Adiabatic Ionization ]] | [[Adiabatic Ionization]] | ||
[[Analogue Ion]] | [[Analogue Ion]] | ||
| Line 68: | Line 68: | ||
[[Association reaction]] | [[Association reaction]] | ||
[[Associative Ionization ]] | [[Associative Ionization]] | ||
[[Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization]] | [[Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization]] | ||
| Line 74: | Line 74: | ||
[[Atmospheric pressure ionization]] | [[Atmospheric pressure ionization]] | ||
[[Atmospheric pressure | [[Atmospheric pressure photoionization]] | ||
[[Atomic Mass Unit (u or Da)]] | [[Atomic Mass Unit (u or Da)]] | ||
[[Auto-Ionization ]] | [[Auto-Ionization]] | ||
[[Average Mass]] | [[Average Mass]] | ||
| Line 94: | Line 94: | ||
[[Base Peak]] | [[Base Peak]] | ||
[[ | [[-cleavage]] | ||
[[Blackbody infrared radiative dissociation]] | [[Blackbody infrared radiative dissociation]] | ||
| Line 108: | Line 108: | ||
[[Charge Exchange]] | [[Charge Exchange]] | ||
[[Charge Exchange (Charge Transfer) Ionization ]] | [[Charge Exchange (Charge Transfer) Ionization]] | ||
[[Charge exchange reaction]] | [[Charge exchange reaction]] | ||
| Line 138: | Line 138: | ||
[[Chemical Noise]] | [[Chemical Noise]] | ||
[[Chemi-Ionization ]] | [[Chemi-Ionization]] | ||
[[Cluster Ion]] | [[Cluster Ion]] | ||
| Line 148: | Line 148: | ||
[[Collisional excitation]] | [[Collisional excitation]] | ||
[[Collisionally Activated Disociation ]] | [[Collisionally Activated Disociation]] | ||
[[Collision-induced dissociation]] | [[Collision-induced dissociation]] | ||
| Line 170: | Line 170: | ||
[[Conversion Dynode]] | [[Conversion Dynode]] | ||
[[Crossed Electric and Magnetic Fields ]] | [[Crossed Electric and Magnetic Fields]] | ||
[[Cyclotron Motion]] | [[Cyclotron Motion]] | ||
| Line 206: | Line 206: | ||
[[Dimeric Ion]] | [[Dimeric Ion]] | ||
[[Direct Analysis of Daughter Ions ]] | [[Direct Analysis of Daughter Ions]] | ||
[[Direct Inlet]] | [[Direct Inlet]] | ||
| Line 212: | Line 212: | ||
[[Direct insertion probe]] | [[Direct insertion probe]] | ||
[[Dissociative Ionization ]] | [[Dissociative Ionization]] | ||
[[Distonic Ion]] | [[Distonic Ion]] | ||
[[Double-focusing Mass Spectrograph ]] | [[Double-focusing Mass Spectrograph]] | ||
[[Dynamic Extraction]] | [[Dynamic Extraction]] | ||
[[Dynamic Fields Mass Spectrometer ]] | [[Dynamic Fields Mass Spectrometer]] | ||
[[Dynamic Range]] | [[Dynamic Range]] | ||
| Line 230: | Line 230: | ||
[[Dynode, Conversion]] | [[Dynode, Conversion]] | ||
[[Dynode, Discrete ]] | [[Dynode, Discrete]] | ||
[[E2/V Linked Scan]] | [[E2/V Linked Scan]] | ||
| Line 242: | Line 242: | ||
[[Electric Field Strength]] | [[Electric Field Strength]] | ||
[[Electric Sector ]] | [[Electric Sector]] | ||
[[Electron Affinity]] | [[Electron Affinity]] | ||
| Line 256: | Line 256: | ||
[[Electron Multiplier]] | [[Electron Multiplier]] | ||
[[Electron Transfer ]] | [[Electron Transfer]] | ||
[[Electrospray ionization]] | [[Electrospray ionization]] | ||
[[Enium Ion Carbenium, Nitrenium, ??????????????????????]] | [[Enium Ion Carbenium, Nitrenium, ?***?*?**??**?**?***?*?**?***?*?***?*??**?**?***?*?**?**?*?]] | ||
[[Even-Electron Anion]] | [[Even-Electron Anion]] | ||
| Line 276: | Line 276: | ||
[[Field desorption]] | [[Field desorption]] | ||
[[Field Free Region ]] | [[Field Free Region]] | ||
[[Field ionization]] | [[Field ionization]] | ||
| Line 286: | Line 286: | ||
[[Focal Plane Collector]] | [[Focal Plane Collector]] | ||
[[Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron (FT-ICR) Mass Spectrometer ]] | [[Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron (FT-ICR) Mass Spectrometer]] | ||
[[Fragment Ion]] | [[Fragment Ion]] | ||
| Line 306: | Line 306: | ||
[[Homolysis (Homolytic cleavage)]] | [[Homolysis (Homolytic cleavage)]] | ||
[[Hybrid Mass Spectrometer ]] | [[Hybrid Mass Spectrometer]] | ||
[[Hydrib Mass Spectrometry]] | [[Hydrib Mass Spectrometry]] | ||
| Line 336: | Line 336: | ||
[[Ion Cooling (See Ion Quenching)]] | [[Ion Cooling (See Ion Quenching)]] | ||
[[Ion Cyclotron Resonance (ICR) Mass Spectrometer ]] | [[Ion Cyclotron Resonance (ICR) Mass Spectrometer]] | ||
[[Ion Detection]] | [[Ion Detection]] | ||
| Line 348: | Line 348: | ||
[[Ion Gate (Mass Gate)]] | [[Ion Gate (Mass Gate)]] | ||
[[Ion Kinetic Energy Spectrometry ]] | [[Ion Kinetic Energy Spectrometry]] | ||
[[Ion Quenching]] | [[Ion Quenching]] | ||
| Line 358: | Line 358: | ||
[[Ion Suppression]] | [[Ion Suppression]] | ||
[[Ion Trap ]] | [[Ion Trap]] | ||
[[Ion Trapping]] | [[Ion Trapping]] | ||
| Line 370: | Line 370: | ||
[[Ion/neutral species reaction]] | [[Ion/neutral species reaction]] | ||
[[Ionic Dissociation ]] | [[Ionic Dissociation]] | ||
[[Ionization]] | [[Ionization]] | ||
| Line 386: | Line 386: | ||
[[Ion-Molecule Reactions]] | [[Ion-Molecule Reactions]] | ||
[[Ion-Pair Formation ]] | [[Ion-Pair Formation]] | ||
[[Ion-Source]] | [[Ion-Source]] | ||
| Line 422: | Line 422: | ||
[[Laser Induced Dissociation]] | [[Laser Induced Dissociation]] | ||
[[Laser Ionization ]] | [[Laser Ionization]] | ||
[[Linked Scan]] | [[Linked Scan]] | ||
| Line 434: | Line 434: | ||
[[Low-energy collision-induced dissociation]] | [[Low-energy collision-induced dissociation]] | ||
[[Magnetic Deflection ]] | [[Magnetic Deflection]] | ||
[[Magnetic Field ]] | [[Magnetic Field]] | ||
[[Magnetic Flux Density]] | [[Magnetic Flux Density]] | ||
[[Magnetic Sector ]] | [[Magnetic Sector]] | ||
[[Magnetron Motion]] | [[Magnetron Motion]] | ||
| Line 468: | Line 468: | ||
[[Mass Selective Instability]] | [[Mass Selective Instability]] | ||
[[Mass Spectrograph ]] | [[Mass Spectrograph]] | ||
[[Mass Spectrometer]] | [[Mass Spectrometer]] | ||
[[Mass Spectrometer Operating on the Linear Accelerator Principle ]] | [[Mass Spectrometer Operating on the Linear Accelerator Principle]] | ||
[[Mass Spectrometrist]] | [[Mass Spectrometrist]] | ||
| Line 482: | Line 482: | ||
[[Mass Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry]] | [[Mass Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry]] | ||
[[Mass Spectroscope ]] | [[Mass Spectroscope]] | ||
[[Mass Spectroscopy ]] | [[Mass Spectroscopy]] | ||
[[Mass Spectroscopist]] | [[Mass Spectroscopist]] | ||
| Line 490: | Line 490: | ||
[[Mass Spectrum]] | [[Mass Spectrum]] | ||
[[Mass/Charge Ratio | [[Mass/Charge Ratio]] | ||
[[Mass-Analysed Ion Kinetic Energy Spectrometry ]] | [[Mass-Analysed Ion Kinetic Energy Spectrometry]] | ||
[[Mathieu Equation]] | [[Mathieu Equation]] | ||
| Line 498: | Line 498: | ||
[[Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization]] | [[Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization]] | ||
[[Mattauch-Herzog Geometry ]] | [[Mattauch-Herzog Geometry]] | ||
[[McLafferty rearrangement]] | [[McLafferty rearrangement]] | ||
| Line 526: | Line 526: | ||
[[MS in Time]] | [[MS in Time]] | ||
[[MSMS Spectrum | [[MSMS Spectrum]] | ||
[[MSn]] | [[MSn]] | ||
[[Multi-Photon Ionization ]] | [[Multi-Photon Ionization]] | ||
[[Multiple collision]] | [[Multiple collision]] | ||
| Line 536: | Line 536: | ||
[[Multiple Reaction Monitoring]] | [[Multiple Reaction Monitoring]] | ||
[[Multiple-Stage mass Spectrometry | [[Multiple-Stage mass Spectrometry MSn]] | ||
[[Multiply-Charged Ion]] | [[Multiply-Charged Ion]] | ||
| Line 546: | Line 546: | ||
[[Negative Ion]] | [[Negative Ion]] | ||
[[Negative Ion Chemical Ionization ]] | [[Negative Ion Chemical Ionization]] | ||
[[Neutralisation Re-ionisation MS]] | [[Neutralisation Re-ionisation MS]] | ||
[[Nier-Johnson Geometry ]] | [[Nier-Johnson Geometry]] | ||
[[Nitrogen Rule]] | [[Nitrogen Rule]] | ||
| Line 564: | Line 564: | ||
[[Odd-Electron Ion]] | [[Odd-Electron Ion]] | ||
[[Onium Ions | [[Onium Ions Carbonium, Oxonium, Nitronium, ?***?*?**??**?**?***?*?**?***?*?***?*??**?**?***?*?**?**?*?]] | ||
[[Orthogonal Extraction]] | [[Orthogonal Extraction]] | ||
[[p/n Radian (180???????????????/n) Magnetic Sector ]] | [[p/n Radian (180?***?*?**??***?*?***?*??***?*?**?**?***?*/n) Magnetic Sector]] | ||
[[Parent Ion]] | [[Parent Ion]] | ||
| Line 582: | Line 582: | ||
[[Peaks (difference between an ion and a peak, peak intensity versus ion abundance)]] | [[Peaks (difference between an ion and a peak, peak intensity versus ion abundance)]] | ||
[[Penning Ionization ]] | [[Penning Ionization]] | ||
[[Photodissociation]] | [[Photodissociation]] | ||
| Line 592: | Line 592: | ||
[[Photographic Plate]] | [[Photographic Plate]] | ||
[[Photographic Plate Recording ]] | [[Photographic Plate Recording]] | ||
[[Photo-Ionization ]] | [[Photo-Ionization]] | ||
[[Photomultiplier]] | [[Photomultiplier]] | ||
| Line 600: | Line 600: | ||
[[Pirani Gauge]] | [[Pirani Gauge]] | ||
[[Plasma Desorption (Fission Fragment) Ionization ]] | [[Plasma Desorption (Fission Fragment) Ionization]] | ||
[[Point Collector]] | [[Point Collector]] | ||
| Line 606: | Line 606: | ||
[[Positive Ion]] | [[Positive Ion]] | ||
[[Post-Acceleration Detector ]] | [[Post-Acceleration Detector]] | ||
[[Post-Source Decay ]] | [[Post-Source Decay]] | ||
[[Precursor Ion]] | [[Precursor Ion]] | ||
| Line 616: | Line 616: | ||
[[Precursor Ion Spectrum]] | [[Precursor Ion Spectrum]] | ||
[[Pre-Ionization State ]] | [[Pre-Ionization State]] | ||
[[Principal Ion]] | [[Principal Ion]] | ||
| Line 626: | Line 626: | ||
[[Product Ion Spectrum]] | [[Product Ion Spectrum]] | ||
[[Prolate Trochoidal Mass Spectrometer ]] | [[Prolate Trochoidal Mass Spectrometer]] | ||
[[Proton Affinity]] | [[Proton Affinity]] | ||
| Line 640: | Line 640: | ||
[[Quadrupole Field]] | [[Quadrupole Field]] | ||
[[Quadrupole Ion Storage Trap (Quistor) ]] | [[Quadrupole Ion Storage Trap (Quistor)]] | ||
[[Quadrupole Mass Analyser ]] | [[Quadrupole Mass Analyser]] | ||
[[Quasi-equilibrium theory]] | [[Quasi-equilibrium theory]] | ||
| Line 654: | Line 654: | ||
[[Radical Cation]] | [[Radical Cation]] | ||
[[Radical Ion ]] | [[Radical Ion]] | ||
[[Rearrangement Ion]] | [[Rearrangement Ion]] | ||
| Line 692: | Line 692: | ||
[[Secondary Ion Emission]] | [[Secondary Ion Emission]] | ||
[[Selected Reaction Monitoring ]] | [[Selected Reaction Monitoring]] | ||
[[Sensitivity]] | [[Sensitivity]] | ||
| Line 698: | Line 698: | ||
[[Sequential Mass Spectrometry (see Tandem MS and Multiple-stage MS)]] | [[Sequential Mass Spectrometry (see Tandem MS and Multiple-stage MS)]] | ||
[[Single-focusing Mass Spectrometer ]] | [[Single-focusing Mass Spectrometer]] | ||
[[Singly-, Doubly-, Triply-, etc. Charged Ion (see multiply-Charged Ion)]] | [[Singly-, Doubly-, Triply-, etc. Charged Ion (see multiply-Charged Ion)]] | ||
| Line 706: | Line 706: | ||
[[Space Charge Effect]] | [[Space Charge Effect]] | ||
[[Spark Ionization ]] | [[Spark Ionization]] | ||
[[Stability Diagram]] | [[Stability Diagram]] | ||
| Line 714: | Line 714: | ||
[[Static Field]] | [[Static Field]] | ||
[[Static Fields Mass | [[Static Fields Mass Spectrometer]] | ||
[[Stevenson's Rule]] | [[Stevenson's Rule]] | ||
| Line 720: | Line 720: | ||
[[Superelastic collision]] | [[Superelastic collision]] | ||
[[Surface Ionization ]] | [[Surface Ionization]] | ||
[[Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization]] | [[Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization]] | ||
| Line 728: | Line 728: | ||
[[Sustained off-resonance irradiation]] | [[Sustained off-resonance irradiation]] | ||
[[Tandem Mass Spectrometer ]] | [[Tandem Mass Spectrometer]] | ||
[[Tandem MS]] | [[Tandem MS]] | ||
| Line 734: | Line 734: | ||
[[The m/z unit (Th or unitless?)]] | [[The m/z unit (Th or unitless?)]] | ||
[[Thermal Ionization ]] | [[Thermal Ionization]] | ||
[[Time Lag Focusing]] | [[Time Lag Focusing]] | ||
| Line 740: | Line 740: | ||
[[Time-of-Flight]] | [[Time-of-Flight]] | ||
[[Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometer ]] | [[Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometer]] | ||
[[Total Ion Current]] | [[Total Ion Current]] | ||
| Line 750: | Line 750: | ||
[[Unimolecular dissociation]] | [[Unimolecular dissociation]] | ||
[[Units in Mass spectrometry (for mass (u or Da), for z +1, +2,?????????????????????? for m/z ??????????????????????)]] | [[Units in Mass spectrometry (for mass (u or Da), for z +1, +2,?***?*?**??**?**?***?*?**?***?*?***?*??**?**?***?*?**?**?*? for m/z ?***?*?**??**?**?***?*?**?***?*?***?*??**?**?***?*?**?**?*?)]] | ||
[[Unstable Ion]] | [[Unstable Ion]] | ||
[[Vertical Ionization ]] | [[Vertical Ionization]] | ||
[[X, [X + 1], [X + 2] Elements]] | [[X, [X + 1], [X + 2] Elements]] | ||
| Line 763: | Line 763: | ||
[[Category:Presentation]] | [[Category:Presentation]] | ||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bmss 2004 Meeting}} | |||
Latest revision as of 23:24, 7 March 2024
The 27th Annual Meeting of the British Mass Spectrometry Society (BMSS) was held at the University of Derby from 5-8 September, 2004.
| IUPAC Recommendations 2013 Index |
Abstract
IUPAC Standard Definitions of Terms Relating to Mass Spectrometry
Kermit K. Murray1, Robert K. Boyd2, Marcos N. Eberlin3, G John Langley4, Liang Li5, Yasuhide Naito6 and Jean Claude Tabet7
1Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, LA 70803
2National Research Council, Ottowa, Ontario, Canada
3Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
4University of Southampton, School of Chemistry, Southampton, UK
5University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
6Osaka University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
7University Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
Keywords: IUPAC, Nomenclature, MS terms, terminology.
The most recent edition of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) for terms and definitions related to mass spectrometry is over 10 years old1.
A project to update these terms and definitions in keeping with the ever burgeoning field of mass spectrometry has been commissioned by IUPAC and a working party set up to prepare a new document in conjunction with the mass spectrometry journals, national mass spectrometry societies, and the International Mass Spectrometry Society.
A web discussion group2 for MS terms and definition has been created to ensure that wide participation for discussion is achieved to aid production of this comprehensive list and the first workshop was held at this year's ASMS meeting in Nashville.
Here we present a draft report of the project and terms in use and request feedback on these and any other terminology that should be included in the final report to be delivered on 2006
1. Chapter 12 of the Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature (?***?*?**??**?**?***?*?**?***?*?***?*??**?**?***?*?***?***?*?***?*?Orange Book?***?*?**??**?**?***?*?**?***?*?***?*??**?**?***?*?**?**?*?), prepared in 1993, with addenda in 1993 and 1994
Poster
http://www.msterms.com/presentations/BMSS_2004.gif
Draft Terms List
Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization
Atmospheric pressure ionization
Atmospheric pressure photoionization
Background Subtracted Mass Spectrum
Blackbody infrared radiative dissociation
Cationized Molecule (Sodiated)
[[Channel Electron [particle] Multiplier]]
Charge Deconvolution (multiply to singly charged ions)
Charge Exchange (Charge Transfer) Ionization
Collisionally Activated Disociation
Collision-induced dissociation
Consecutive Reaction Monitoring
Constant Neutral Mass Gain Scan
Constant Neutral Mass Gain Spectrum
Constant Neutral Mass Loss Scan
Constant Neutral Mass Loss Spectrum
Continuous Dynode Electron Multiplier
Crossed Electric and Magnetic Fields
Desorption Chemical Ionisation
Desorption Chemical Ionisation Probe
Desorption/ionization on silicon
Direct Analysis of Daughter Ions
Double-focusing Mass Spectrograph
Dynamic Fields Mass Spectrometer
Enium Ion Carbenium, Nitrenium, ?***?*?**??**?**?***?*?**?***?*?***?*??**?**?***?*?**?**?*?
Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron (FT-ICR) Mass Spectrometer
Gaseous Ion ("solvent and counterion-free ion")
Heterolysis (Heterolytic cleavage)
High-energy collision-induced dissociation
Homolysis (Homolytic cleavage)
i-cleavage (inductive cleavage)
Infra-Red Multi-Photon Dissociation
Ion Connectivity (sequence of atoms)
Ion Cooling (See Ion Quenching)
Ion Cyclotron Resonance (ICR) Mass Spectrometer
Ion Fragmentation (see Ion Dissociation)
Ion Kinetic Energy Spectrometry
Ion Structure (in MS it often means ion connectivity)
Ion/neutral species exchange reaction
Isomeric Ion/Isobaric Ion (really needed?)
Low-energy collision-induced dissociation
mass analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometry
Mass Spectrometer Operating on the Linear Accelerator Principle
Mass Spectrometry (The best definition of MS when can propose)
Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry
Mass Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry
Mass-Analysed Ion Kinetic Energy Spectrometry
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization
Multiple-Stage mass Spectrometry MSn
Negative Ion Chemical Ionization
Neutralisation Re-ionisation MS
Nth Generation Product Ion Scan
Nth Generation Product Ion Spectrum
p/n Radian (180?***?*?**??***?*?***?*??***?*?**?**?***?*/n) Magnetic Sector
Partial charge exchange reaction
Partial charge transfer reaction
Peaks (difference between an ion and a peak, peak intensity versus ion abundance)
Plasma Desorption (Fission Fragment) Ionization
Prolate Trochoidal Mass Spectrometer
Proton transfer/ Proton Abstraction (types of reactions ?)
Quadrupole Ion Storage Trap (Quistor)
Quasi-Molecular Ion (Not recommended)
Radical (not to be confused with groups or substituents)
Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization
Sequential Mass Spectrometry (see Tandem MS and Multiple-stage MS)
Single-focusing Mass Spectrometer
Singly-, Doubly-, Triply-, etc. Charged Ion (see multiply-Charged Ion)
Static Fields Mass Spectrometer
Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization
Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization
Sustained off-resonance irradiation
The m/z unit (Th or unitless?)
Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometer
[[X, [X + 1], [X + 2] Elements]]
