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<big><big>'''Isotopes'''</big></big>


<big><big>ISOTOPES[https://archive.org/details/isotopes00asto/page/n3/mode/2up]</big></big>
{{Template:Aston 1922 Contents}}
 
{{Special:PrefixIndex/{{FULLPAGENAME}}/}}
 
F. W. ASTON,  M.A.,  D.Sc,  A.I.C.,  F.R.S.
 
Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge
 
LONDON
 
EDWARD. ARNOLD &amp; CO.
 
1922
 
[All rights reserved]
 
Printed  in  Great  Britain


==PREFACE==
==PREFACE==
[[File:Portrait of Francis William Aston (1877-1945), Chemist and Physicist (2536015497) (cropped).jpg|400 px|right]]
I  have  undertaken  the  preparation  of  this  book  on  [[isotope]]s in  response  to  many  requests  made  to  me  by  teachers  of  physics and  chemistry  and  others  working  in  these  subjects  that  I should  publish  the  results  obtained  by  means  of  the  [[mass spectrograph]]  in  a  form  more  convenient  to  the  public  than  that in  which  they  first  appeared.  This  is  one  of  the  reasons  why the  space  allotted  to  the  inactive  isotopes  may  appear,  in  the light  of  the  general  title  of  the  book,  somewhat  disproportion- ately large.  Another  is  that  the  subject  of  radioactive  isotopes really  requires  a  book  to  itself,  and  I  am  in  the  hope  that  the inadequacy  of  my  account  may  stimulate  the  production  of such  a  volume  by  hands  more  competent  than  mine  to  deal with  this  very  special  and  remarkable  field  of  modern  science. The  logical  order  of  exposition  of  a  scientific  subject  is  to  start with  the  simple  and  from  that  build  up  the  more  complex. Unfortunately  the  sequence  of  events  in  experimental  research is  the  exact  opposite  of  this  so  that  a  compromise  must  be effected,  unless  one  is  content  to  sacrifice  historical  treatment altogether.  The  latter  seems  very  undesirable  in  a  new  subject. I  have  endeavoured  in  Chapters  I,  II  and  IV,  and  elsewhere when  possible,  to  adhere  strictly  to  the  historical  order  of events  even  at  the  cost  of  some  reiteration.


I  have  undertaken  the  preparation  of  this  book  on  [[isotope]]s
I  wish  to  take  this  opportunity  of  expressing  my  indebted- ness to  Mr. C. G.  Darwin  for  his  timely  criticism  and  unfailing assistance  throughout  the  work,  and  also  to  Mr. R. H. Fowler for  help  with  the  proofs.  My  thanks  are  also  due  to  [[wikipedia:Frederick Soddy|Professor Soddy]] for  his  diagram  of  the  radioactive  isotopes,  to  [[wikipedia:Arthur Jeffrey Dempster|Mr.  A.  J. Dempster]]  for  kindly  sending  me  the  illustrations  of  his  work, to  the  proprietors  of  the  Philosophical  Magazine  and  to the  Council  of  the  Chemical  Society  for  permission  to  use  the plates  and  figures  of  my  original  papers,  and  to  Messrs. Macmillan &amp; Co., for the diagram of the radioactive  transformations.
in  response  to  many  requests  made  to  me  by  teachers  of  physics
and  chemistry  and  others  working  in  these  subjects  that  I
should  publish  the  results  obtained  by  means  of  the  [[mass spectrograph]]  in  a  form  more  convenient  to  the  public  than  that
in  which  they  first  appeared.  This  is  one  of  the  reasons  why
the  space  allotted  to  the  inactive  isotopes  may  appear,  in  the
light  of  the  general  title  of  the  book,  somewhat  disproportion-
ately large.  Another  is  that  the  subject  of  radioactive  isotopes
really  requires  a  book  to  itself,  and  I  am  in  the  hope  that  the
inadequacy  of  my  account  may  stimulate  the  production  of
such  a  volume  by  hands  more  competent  than  mine  to  deal
with  this  very  special  and  remarkable  field  of  modern  science.
The  logical  order  of  exposition  of  a  scientific  subject  is  to  start
with  the  simple  and  from  that  build  up  the  more  complex.
Unfortunately  the  sequence  of  events  in  experimental  research
is  the  exact  opposite  of  this  so  that  a  compromise  must  be
effected,  unless  one  is  content  to  sacrifice  historical  treatment
altogether.  The  latter  seems  very  undesirable  in  a  new  subject.
I  have  endeavoured  in  Chapters  I,  II  and  IV,  and  elsewhere
when  possible,  to  adhere  strictly  to  the  historical  order  of
events  even  at  the  cost  of  some  reiteration.
 
I  wish  to  take  this  opportunity  of  expressing  my  indebted-
ness to  Mr. C. G.  Darwin  for  his  timely  criticism  and  unfailing
assistance  throughout  the  work,  and  also  to  Mr. R. H. Fowler
for  help  with  the  proofs.  My  thanks  are  also  due  to  [[wikipedia:Frederick Soddy|Professor Soddy]] for  his  diagram  of  the  radioactive  isotopes,  to  [[wikipedia:Arthur Jeffery Dempster|Mr.  A.  J. Dempster]]  for  kindly  sending  me  the  illustrations  of  his  work,
to  the  proprietors  of  the  Philosophical  Magazine  and  to
the  Council  of  the  Chemical  Society  for  permission  to  use  the
plates  and  figures  of  my  original  papers,  and  to  Messrs.
Macmillan &amp; Co., for the diagram of the radioactive  trans-
formations.


:[[wikipedia:Francis William Aston|F. W. Aston]]
:[[wikipedia:Francis William Aston|F. W. Aston]]
Line 56: Line 13:
:January, 1922.
:January, 1922.


==CONTENTS==
----


[[Aston 1922/Contents]]
==Sub Pages==
 
{{Special:PrefixIndex/{{FULLPAGENAME}}/}}
==CHAPTER I - INTRODUCTION==
 
[[Aston 1922 Chapter 1]]
 
==CHAPTER  II - THE  RADIOACTIVE  ISOTOPES==
 
[[Aston 1922/Chapter 2]]
 
==CHAPTER  III - POSITIVE  RAYS==
 
[[Aston 1922/Chapter 3]]
 
==CHAPTER  IV - NEON==
 
[[Aston 1922/Chapter 4]]
 
==CHAPTER  V - THE  MASS-SPECTROGRAPH==
[[Aston 1922/Chapter 5]]
 
==CHAPTER  VI - ANALYSIS  OF  THE  ELEMENTS==
 
[[Aston 1922/Chapter 6]]
 
==CHAPTER  VII - ANALYSIS    OF  THE    ELEMENTS    (Continued)==
 
[[Aston 1922/Chapter 7]]
 
==CHAPTER  VIII - THE  ELECTRICAL  THEORY  OF  MATTER==
[[Aston 1922/Chapter 8]]
 
==CHAPTER  IX -  ISOTOPES  AND  ATOMIC  NUMBERS==
[[Aston 1922/Chapter 9]]
 
==CHAPTER  X - THE  SPECTRA  OF  ISOTOPES==
[[Aston 1922/Chapter 10]]
 
==CHAPTER  XI - THE  SEPARATION  OF  ISOTOPES==
[[Aston 1922/Chapter 11]]
 
==APPENDICES==
[[Aston 1922/Appendices]]


[[category:reference]]
[[category:reference]]

Latest revision as of 18:38, 1 August 2025

Isotopes

Francis William Aston (1922), Isotopes, ISBN 978-1016732383, Internet Archive.

PREFACE

I have undertaken the preparation of this book on isotopes in response to many requests made to me by teachers of physics and chemistry and others working in these subjects that I should publish the results obtained by means of the mass spectrograph in a form more convenient to the public than that in which they first appeared. This is one of the reasons why the space allotted to the inactive isotopes may appear, in the light of the general title of the book, somewhat disproportion- ately large. Another is that the subject of radioactive isotopes really requires a book to itself, and I am in the hope that the inadequacy of my account may stimulate the production of such a volume by hands more competent than mine to deal with this very special and remarkable field of modern science. The logical order of exposition of a scientific subject is to start with the simple and from that build up the more complex. Unfortunately the sequence of events in experimental research is the exact opposite of this so that a compromise must be effected, unless one is content to sacrifice historical treatment altogether. The latter seems very undesirable in a new subject. I have endeavoured in Chapters I, II and IV, and elsewhere when possible, to adhere strictly to the historical order of events even at the cost of some reiteration.

I wish to take this opportunity of expressing my indebted- ness to Mr. C. G. Darwin for his timely criticism and unfailing assistance throughout the work, and also to Mr. R. H. Fowler for help with the proofs. My thanks are also due to Professor Soddy for his diagram of the radioactive isotopes, to Mr. A. J. Dempster for kindly sending me the illustrations of his work, to the proprietors of the Philosophical Magazine and to the Council of the Chemical Society for permission to use the plates and figures of my original papers, and to Messrs. Macmillan & Co., for the diagram of the radioactive transformations.

F. W. Aston
Cambridge,
January, 1922.

Sub Pages